The role of genetics in anorexia and bulimia.
In her early twenties, Claire* began to feel as though she was never thin enough. She began to diet and exercise obsessively, to the point where her health was in jeopardy. Her doctor diagnosed her with anorexia nervosa, a serious eating disorder characterized by extreme weight loss and an intense fear of gaining weight.
It’s estimated that up to 3 percent of women suffer from anorexia nervosa in their lifetime, and the disorder has the highest mortality rate of any psychiatric disorder. While the cause of anorexia is unknown, research suggests that genetics may play a role.
In a study of more than 200 twins, researchers found that anorexia nervosa is 50 percent more likely to occur in identical twins (who share the same genetics) than in fraternal twins (who share only half of their genetics). This suggests that genetics plays a significant role in the development of the disorder.
Other research has found that people with anorexia nervosa are more likely to have a parent or sibling with the disorder. This may be due to a shared genetic vulnerability, or it may be that people with anorexia nervosa learn dysfunctional eating behaviors from their family members.
While the exact cause of anorexia nervosa is unknown, it’s clear that genetics plays a role in the development of the disorder. If you have a family member with anorexia, you may be at increased risk for developing the disorder yourself. However, it’s important to remember that anorexia is not caused by a single factor, and that anyone can develop the disorder, regardless of their family history.
*Name has been changed to protect the privacy of the individual..Click here to find out more
The psychological effects of anorexia and bulimia.
Eating disorders are serious mental illnesses that have profound psychological consequences. Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, the two most common types of eating disorders, share many similarities, but there are also important differences.
Both anorexia and bulimia are associated with a preoccupation with body weight and shape. People with anorexia restrict their food intake and may eventually starve themselves. People with bulimia engage in binge eating followed by purging, either through vomiting or the use of laxatives.
The psychological effects of anorexia and bulimia can be devastating. People with eating disorders often suffer from low self-esteem, negative body image, and a distorted view of food and weight. They may also experience social isolation, anxiety, and depression.
Anorexia and bulimia can have serious physical consequences as well. People with anorexia may suffer from malnutrition, electrolyte imbalances, and organ damage. People with bulimia may suffer from dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and gastrointestinal problems.
Eating disorders are treatable, but recovery can be a long and difficult process. Treatment typically involves a combination of psychological and nutritional counseling, and sometimes medication. If you or someone you know is struggling with an eating disorder, please seek professional help.
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